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Abdominoplasty
Abdominoplasty or "tummy tuck" is a cosmetic surgery procedure used to make the abdomen thinner and more firm. The surgery involves the removal of excess skin and fat from the middle and lower abdomen in order to tighten the muscle and fascia of the abdominal wall. This type of surgery is usually sought by patients with loose or sagging tissues after pregnancy or major weight loss.
Who all may need it?
Abdominoplasty is not a substitute for exercise and healthy diet. It is not a answer for weight loss. In fact it is the last resort in case where regular sit ups and healthy diet have failed to slim down your waist. Generally women who have protruding belly after multiple pregnancies or men and women who were obese and have lost weight suddenly. These people suffer from loose hanging bulging abdomen that mars their personality. Men and women who wish to undergo this procedure need to be healthy.
What are the different types of surgeries?
Complete Abdominoplastyis performed under general anaesthesia and requires 1-5 hours. A long incision is made from one hip joint to the other, passing just above the pubis. Another incision is made around the naval to free it from the surrounding skin. Skin is detached from the abdominal wall and muscles and fascia are visible. Muscles and fascia tightened with sutures. The skin is pulled and excess skin is trimmed. Liposuction is done over the transition between operated and un-operated area to give a more even look. Excess fluid is removed using drainage pipes. Dressing and compression garments are applied to the area.
Partial or mini Abdominoplastyis also done under general anaesthesia and requires around 1-2 hours. It is a shorter procedure requiring smaller incisions. Skin and fat in the lower abdomen area is detached from the underlying fascia. Skin is stretched down and excess skin is removed. The belly button stalk is detached from the muscle below and shifted lower on the abdominal wall. The abdominal fascia is tightened and liposuction is done in the transition zones to give an even look.
Extended Abdominoplasty involves complete abdominoplasty along with removal of fat from the flank (love handles) and the upper outer aspect of the thigh. The procedure is done under general anaesthesia and takes a longer time. The incision also stretches along the side of the trunk to the thigh.
High Lateral Tension Tummy tuck is an advanced technique that takes longer than 4 hours under general anaesthesia. This procedure tightens muscles and fascia in the vertical as well as horizontal plane giving a instantly flatter abdomen. The conventional complete abdominoplasty only tightens muscles and fascia in the vertical plane.
Floating Abdominoplasty is also known as extended mini abdominoplasty. The fat removal and tightening of muscles fascia and skin is done through smaller incisions, which is not near belly button. The excess skin is removed. The belly button floats during the procedure. The muscles are tightened from the sternum to the pubis. The belly button is reattached after shifting as accordingly and liposuction is done over the transition zones.
Circumferential Abdominoplastyincludes extended abdominoplasty with buttock lifts. The incision runs all around the torso. This is also called as belt lipectomy or body lift. It is appropriate for people who have undergone massive weight loss.
Combination procedureinvolves lower body lift and liposuction contouring , breast reduction, breast lift and or hysterectomy if required. Breast enhancement as well as abdominoplasty is called as mommy makeover.
How is the recovery process?
The entire recovery process takes around 1-4 weeks in which the patient is advised to stay off work for major part of the time. There is bruising swelling and pain that can be reduced through ice packs and compression garments. Heavy activity should be avoided for a month at least. No smoking or tobacco consumption in the recovery period as well as few weeks prior to the surgery. It takes around 3-6 months for the results to show. The scar fades but does not disappear. The patient should keep his hips bent while lying down to avoid stretching the scar. He should also stand and walk with hips flexed for the same reason in the initial days and then gradually straighten up.
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